DEAR SOPHIA,

PAX ROMANA IS WHEN THE WORLD WAS RULED BY ROME AND SUPPOSEDLY THERE WAS PEACE. THE ERA OF PAX AMERICANA BEGAN SUPPOSEDLY IN 1945. NEITHER PERIOD WAS REALLY A PERIOD OF PEACE. EACH TIME IT WAS MARKED BY IMPERIAL AMBITION. BELOW IS THE HISTORY OF PAX ROMANA AND IF YOU CRITICALLY THINK AND ANALYZE THE LAST 100 YEARS, WE ARE DESTINED FOR THE SAME OUTCOME AT THE CONCLUSION OF PAX ROMANA.

143

LOVE,

DAD

The Pax Romana, spanning from 27 BC to 180 AD, stands as one of the most enduring periods of peace in the annals of civilization. However, Walter Goffart wrote: “The volume of the Cambridge Ancient History for the years AD 70–192 is called ‘The Imperial Peace’, but peace is not what one finds in its pages”.^[5] Arthur M. Eckstein writes that the period must be seen in contrast to the much more frequent warfare in the Roman Republic in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Eckstein also notes that the incipient Pax Romana appeared during the Republic, and that its temporal span varied with geographical region as well: “Although the standard textbook dates for the Pax Romana, the famous ‘Roman Peace’ in the Mediterranean, are 31 BC to AD 250, the fact is that the Roman Peace was emerging in large regions of the Mediterranean at a much earlier date: Sicily after 210 [BC], the Italian Peninsula after 200 [BC]; the Po Valley after 190 [BC]; most of the Iberian Peninsula after 133 [BC]; North Africa after 100 [BC]; and for ever longer stretches of time in the Greek East.”^[6]